Mach Index · Published Specifications
Speed Comparison
From Mach 1 to Mach 9.6 — published speeds and clearly marked design targets
Compare the top speeds of all supersonic and hypersonic aircraft in our database, from the edge of the sound barrier to scramjet-powered record breakers.
145Aircraft in Encyclopedia
Mach 9.6Air-Breathing Record · X-43A
Mach 6.7Crewed Rocket Plane · X-15
Mach 3.3Fastest Jet · SR-71
Records & Flight Milestones
The four aircraft that define the outer limits of speed
Air-Breathing Record
Crewed Rocket Plane
Scramjet Milestone
Fastest Jet
X-43A
Mach 9.6
NASA’s scramjet demonstrator set the absolute record for an air-breathing aircraft in 2004 — approximately 7,000 mph (11,300 km/h), according to NASA.
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X-15
Mach 6.7
Pete Knight’s 1967 rocket-plane record still stands — Mach 6.7 and 4,520 mph in atmospheric powered flight; orbital reentry is a different category.
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X-51 Waverider
Mach 5.1
Rode its own shockwave for 210 seconds — a landmark scramjet-powered test in 2013.
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SR-71 Blackbird
Mach 3.3
A record-setting air-breathing crewed jet. No SR-71 was shot down by enemy action.
ExplorePublished Speed Comparison
Published specifications and design targets, ordered by Mach number
Click any bar to open that aircraft’s page
How to read this chart: proposed speeds and published specifications are not certified flight records. Mach depends on local sound speed, so this chart does not turn every Mach value into a fixed km/h value. NASA X-43A record · NASA X-15 record · Mach number explained.
This chart compares published Mach figures. [projected] marks design targets or estimates, not demonstrated records. Other specifications are not necessarily certified records. Mach-to-km/h conversion requires the local temperature; see how Mach number works。
Hypersonic (Mach 5+)
High Supersonic (Mach 3-5)
Supersonic (Mach 2-3)
Transonic/Low Supersonic (Mach 1-2)
Subsonic (<Mach 1)
Click any bar to view the aircraft page
| Rank | Aircraft | Published Mach | Basis | Category |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | NASA X-43A | Mach 9.6 | Reported flight result | Hypersonic |
| 2 | North American X-15 | Mach 6.7 | Reported flight result | Hypersonic |
| 3 | Lockheed Martin SR-72 Son of Blackbird [projected] | Mach 6 | Design target / estimate; not a demonstrated record | Hypersonic |
| 4 | Boeing X-51A Waverider | Mach 5.1 | Reported flight result | Hypersonic |
| 5 | Hermeus Halcyon [projected] | Mach 5 | Design target / estimate; not a demonstrated record | Hypersonic |
| 6 | Republic XF-103 Thunderwarrior [projected] | Mach 3.7 | Design target / estimate; not a demonstrated record | High Supersonic |
| 7 | Lockheed D-21 | Mach 3.35 | Published specification | High Supersonic |
| 8 | Lockheed A-12 OXCART | Mach 3.35 | Published specification | High Supersonic |
| 9 | Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird | Mach 3.3 | Reported flight result | High Supersonic |
| 10 | Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25 Foxbat | Mach 3.2 | Published specification | High Supersonic |
| 11 | Lockheed YF-12 | Mach 3.2 | Published specification | High Supersonic |
| 12 | Bell X-2 Starbuster | Mach 3.2 | Published specification | High Supersonic |
| 13 | North American XB-70 Valkyrie | Mach 3.08 | Published specification | High Supersonic |
| 14 | North American XF-108 Rapier [projected] | Mach 3 | Design target / estimate; not a demonstrated record | High Supersonic |
| 15 | AVIC WZ-8 | Mach 3 | Published specification | High Supersonic |
| 16 | Sukhoi T-4 Sotka | Mach 3 | Published specification | High Supersonic |
| 17 | Mikoyan MiG-31 Foxhound | Mach 2.83 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 18 | Mikoyan Ye-152 (MiG-21 variant) | Mach 2.65 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 19 | Mikoyan MiG-1.44 | Mach 2.6 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 20 | McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle | Mach 2.5 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 21 | BAE Tempest / GCAP [projected] | Mach 2.5 | Design target / estimate; not a demonstrated record | Supersonic |
| 22 | General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark | Mach 2.5 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 23 | Boeing F-15EX Eagle II | Mach 2.5 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 24 | Boeing F-47 NGAD [projected] | Mach 2.5 | Design target / estimate; not a demonstrated record | Supersonic |
| 25 | Sukhoi Su-27 Flanker | Mach 2.35 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 26 | Mikoyan MiG-23 Flogger | Mach 2.35 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 27 | Shenyang J-11 | Mach 2.35 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 28 | Sukhoi Su-37 Flanker-F | Mach 2.35 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 29 | Grumman F-14 Tomcat | Mach 2.34 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 30 | Convair F-106 Delta Dart | Mach 2.3 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 31 | Mikoyan MiG-29 Fulcrum | Mach 2.3 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 32 | Tupolev Tu-123 Yastreb | Mach 2.3 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 33 | IAI Kfir | Mach 2.3 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 34 | Dassault Mirage 4000 | Mach 2.3 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 35 | English Electric Lightning | Mach 2.27 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 36 | Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor | Mach 2.25 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 37 | Sukhoi Su-35 Flanker-E | Mach 2.25 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 38 | Shenyang J-15 Flying Shark | Mach 2.25 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 39 | McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II | Mach 2.23 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 40 | Sukhoi Su-47 Berkut | Mach 2.21 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 41 | Chengdu J-10 Vigorous Dragon | Mach 2.2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 42 | Lockheed F-104 Starfighter | Mach 2.2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 43 | Dassault Mirage F1 | Mach 2.2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 44 | Dassault Mirage III | Mach 2.2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 45 | Sukhoi Su-11 Fishpot-C | Mach 2.2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 46 | Dassault Mirage 2000 | Mach 2.2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 47 | Panavia Tornado | Mach 2.2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 48 | Shenyang J-8 Finback | Mach 2.2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 49 | Dassault Mirage IV | Mach 2.2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 50 | Northrop YF-23 Black Widow II | Mach 2.2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 51 | Atlas Cheetah | Mach 2.2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 52 | Sukhoi Su-33 Flanker-D | Mach 2.17 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 53 | Tupolev Tu-144 | Mach 2.15 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 54 | Saab 37 Viggen | Mach 2.1 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 55 | Northrop F-20 Tigershark | Mach 2.1 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 56 | Sukhoi Su-15 Flagon | Mach 2.1 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 57 | Dassault Mirage 5 | Mach 2.1 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 58 | Republic F-105 Thunderchief | Mach 2.08 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 59 | Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 Fishbed | Mach 2.05 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 60 | Tupolev Tu-160 White Swan | Mach 2.05 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 61 | Concorde | Mach 2.04 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 62 | Sukhoi Su-7 Fitter | Mach 2.04 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 63 | Douglas D-558-II Skyrocket | Mach 2.005 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 64 | Sukhoi Su-57 Felon | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 65 | General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 66 | Saab J 35 Draken | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 67 | Convair B-58 Hustler | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 68 | Eurofighter Typhoon | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 69 | Saab JAS 39 Gripen | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 70 | Chengdu J-20 Mighty Dragon | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 71 | Sukhoi Su-30 Flanker-C | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 72 | Mikoyan MiG-35 Fulcrum-F | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 73 | Chengdu J-7 | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 74 | BAC TSR-2 | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 75 | Boeing QF-16 | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 76 | Mitsubishi F-2 | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 77 | North American A-5 Vigilante | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 78 | North American F-107 Ultra Sabre | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 79 | Sukhoi Su-9 Fishpot | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 80 | Chengdu J-36 [projected] | Mach 2 | Design target / estimate; not a demonstrated record | Supersonic |
| 81 | Shenyang J-16 | Mach 2 | Published specification | Supersonic |
| 82 | Hindustan AMCA [projected] | Mach 2 | Design target / estimate; not a demonstrated record | Supersonic |
| 83 | Northrop YF-17 Cobra | Mach 1.95 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 84 | Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow | Mach 1.9 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 85 | Tupolev Tu-22M Backfire | Mach 1.88 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 86 | Vought F-8 Crusader | Mach 1.86 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 87 | KAI KF-21 Boramae [projected] | Mach 1.81 | Design target / estimate; not a demonstrated record | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 88 | McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet | Mach 1.8 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 89 | HAL Tejas | Mach 1.8 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 90 | Dassault Rafale | Mach 1.8 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 91 | AIDC F-CK-1 Ching-Kuo | Mach 1.8 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 92 | Sukhoi Su-34 Fullback | Mach 1.8 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 93 | Sukhoi Su-75 Checkmate [projected] | Mach 1.8 | Design target / estimate; not a demonstrated record | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 94 | Shenyang FC-31 / J-35 | Mach 1.8 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 95 | TAI TF-X Kaan [projected] | Mach 1.8 | Design target / estimate; not a demonstrated record | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 96 | Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet | Mach 1.8 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 97 | Xian JH-7 Flying Leopard | Mach 1.75 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 98 | McDonnell F-101 Voodoo | Mach 1.72 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 99 | Boom Supersonic Overture [projected] | Mach 1.7 | Design target / estimate; not a demonstrated record | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 100 | Sukhoi Su-17 Fitter (variable sweep) | Mach 1.7 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 101 | Yakovlev Yak-141 Freestyle | Mach 1.7 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 102 | Mikoyan MiG-27 Flogger-D | Mach 1.7 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 103 | Tupolev Tu-128 Fiddler | Mach 1.65 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 104 | Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II | Mach 1.6 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 105 | Boeing X-32 | Mach 1.6 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 106 | Northrop F-5 Tiger II | Mach 1.6 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 107 | Mitsubishi T-2 | Mach 1.6 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 108 | Sukhoi Su-24 Fencer | Mach 1.6 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 109 | SEPECAT Jaguar | Mach 1.6 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 110 | Mitsubishi F-1 | Mach 1.6 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 111 | Mitsubishi X-2 Shinshin | Mach 1.6 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 112 | Myasishchev M-50 Bounder | Mach 1.59 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 113 | Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder | Mach 1.52 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 114 | KAI T-50 Golden Eagle | Mach 1.5 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 115 | HESA Saeqeh | Mach 1.5 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 116 | Bell X-1 | Mach 1.45 | Reported flight result | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 117 | Lockheed Martin X-59 QueSST | Mach 1.4 | Demonstrated mission condition | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 118 | HESA Kowsar | Mach 1.4 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 119 | Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19 Farmer | Mach 1.35 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 120 | North American F-100 Super Sabre | Mach 1.3 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 121 | Rockwell B-1 Lancer | Mach 1.25 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 122 | Convair F2Y Sea Dart | Mach 1.25 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 123 | Convair F-102 Delta Dagger | Mach 1.25 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 124 | Northrop T-38 Talon | Mach 1.23 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 125 | Douglas X-3 Stiletto | Mach 1.208 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 126 | Republic XF-91 Thunderceptor | Mach 1.18 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 127 | Lockheed XF-90 | Mach 1.12 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 128 | Dassault Super Mystère | Mach 1.12 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 129 | Nanchang Q-5 Fantan | Mach 1.12 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 130 | Grumman F-11 Tiger | Mach 1.1 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 131 | Yakovlev Yak-28 Brewer | Mach 1.1 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 132 | Douglas F4D Skyray | Mach 1.05 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 133 | HAL HF-24 Marut | Mach 1.02 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 134 | Avro Vulcan | Mach 1 | Published specification | Transonic/Low Supersonic |
| 135 | Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit | Mach 0.95 | Published specification | Subsonic |
| 136 | Convair XF-92A | Mach 0.95 | Published specification | Subsonic |
| 137 | Northrop Grumman B-21 Raider | Mach 0.95 | Published specification | Subsonic |
| 138 | Bell X-5 | Mach 0.93 | Published specification | Subsonic |
| 139 | Republic F-84F Thunderstreak | Mach 0.92 | Published specification | Subsonic |
| 140 | Xian H-20 | Mach 0.85 | Published specification | Subsonic |
| 141 | Lockheed Have Blue | Mach 0.8 | Published specification | Subsonic |
| 142 | Northrop Tacit Blue | Mach 0.6 | Published specification | Subsonic |
| 143 | Boeing X-36 Tailless Agility Research Aircraft | Mach 0.5 | Published specification | Subsonic |
Speed Categories
Approximate engineering regimes; the chart color bands above are display groupings, not a separate set of physical boundaries. Transonic conditions overlap Mach 1.
Subsonic
< Mach 1
Below the sound barrier — airliners and stealth bombers like the B-2 Spirit.
Transonic
Mach 0.8–1.2
The sound barrier region where shockwaves first form — conquered by the Bell X-1 in 1947.
Supersonic
Mach 1.2–5
The realm of fighters and interceptors — from the F-16 to the MiG-31 and Concorde.
Hypersonic
Approximately Mach 5+
Scramjets and rocket planes — the X-15, X-43A and X-51 Waverider.
High-Hypersonic
Mach 10+
Fast reentry can involve high-temperature gas chemistry and ionization; the effects depend on flight conditions.
Explore The Database
Every aircraft in this ranking has a full profile — specifications, history, engines and records. Or jump into the simulator and try to break Mach 2 yourself.